Pump Health Checklist

Module 06 — Pumping Systems & Maintenance  |  VacTech Fundamentals  |  Shop-Floor Reference

Rotary Vane Pump
Check Item What to Look For Pass / Warning / Fail Criteria
Oil Level
Daily
View the oil sight glass with pump running. Oil should be between the MIN and MAX marks.
PASS: Level between MIN and MAX WARN: At or near MIN line FAIL: Below MIN or not visible — stop pump, top up
Oil Colour
Weekly
Compare against fresh oil sample. Should be clear amber/golden. Dark or milky oil indicates contamination.
PASS: Clear amber, transparent WARN: Darkening — schedule oil change FAIL: Black, milky, or particulate — change immediately
Ultimate Pressure
Monthly
Blank off the inlet and measure base pressure after 30 min pump-down. Compare to manufacturer spec.
PASS: Within 2× manufacturer spec WARN: 2–5× spec — check oil, gas ballast, seals FAIL: >5× spec — service required
Noise & Vibration
Daily
Listen for unusual knocking, rattling, or grinding. Feel for excessive vibration at the pump body.
PASS: Smooth, steady hum WARN: Intermittent clicks or increased vibration FAIL: Grinding, knocking, or seizure sounds — stop pump
Exhaust Filter
Monthly
Check oil mist eliminator for blockage or oil bypass. Inspect exhaust for visible oil mist.
PASS: No visible mist, filter clean WARN: Slight mist visible — replace filter element FAIL: Heavy oil mist in exhaust — replace immediately, check for backpressure
Scroll Pump
Check Item What to Look For Pass / Warning / Fail Criteria
Tip Seal Wear
Quarterly
Track hours since last tip seal replacement. Manufacturer typically recommends replacement every ~10,000 operating hours. Check for increased base pressure as a proxy for seal wear.
PASS: <8,000 hrs since replacement, base pressure nominal WARN: 8,000–10,000 hrs or base pressure rising FAIL: >10,000 hrs or base pressure >3× spec — replace tip seals
Base Pressure Trend
Monthly
Record blanked-off base pressure monthly. Plot trend over time. A gradual rise indicates tip seal wear.
PASS: Stable within 50% of commissioning value WARN: Rising trend >50% above baseline FAIL: >3× baseline — tip seal replacement due
Noise
Daily
Listen for scraping, clicking, or irregular rhythm. Scroll pumps should produce a smooth, quiet whirr.
PASS: Quiet, smooth operation WARN: Slight clicking or increased volume FAIL: Scraping or grinding — stop pump, inspect scrolls
Turbomolecular Pump
Check Item What to Look For Pass / Warning / Fail Criteria
Spin-Up Time
Each start
Time from start command to full rated speed. Compare to commissioning baseline. Increasing spin-up time indicates bearing degradation.
PASS: Within 10% of commissioning time WARN: 10–25% longer than baseline FAIL: >25% longer or fails to reach full speed — bearing service due
Vibration
Weekly
Check controller vibration readout if available. Alternatively, place a hand on the pump body — a healthy turbo should feel nearly vibration-free at full speed.
PASS: No perceptible vibration, controller reads nominal WARN: Slight vibration detectable or controller warning FAIL: Audible vibration or controller alarm — stop pump, suspect rotor imbalance or bearing wear
Bearing Temperature
Continuous / Daily
Read from pump controller. Normal range depends on pump model (typically 40–60 °C). Rising temperatures indicate bearing degradation or insufficient cooling.
PASS: Within manufacturer’s normal range WARN: Approaching upper limit or trend rising FAIL: Exceeds limit — controller may auto-shut-down; investigate cooling and bearing condition
Purge Gas Flow
Daily (if equipped)
Verify purge gas (dry N2) is flowing at the specified rate. Purge protects bearings from process gas ingress.
PASS: Flow rate at set point (±10%) WARN: Flow reduced or supply pressure low FAIL: No flow — bearing damage risk; check supply line and regulator
General System Checks
Check Item What to Look For Pass / Warning / Fail Criteria
Foreline Pressure
Continuous
Monitor foreline (backing) pressure between roughing pump and turbo. Must stay below turbo’s maximum foreline pressure (typically <10 mbar).
PASS: <5 mbar (typical) WARN: 5–10 mbar — check roughing pump performance FAIL: >10 mbar — turbo at risk; check roughing pump, foreline for leaks or blockage
Backing Pump Coordination
Each start-up
Verify backing pump starts before turbo and remains running while turbo is spinning. Turbo must never operate without adequate backing.
PASS: Backing pump running, foreline pressure below threshold before turbo start FAIL: Turbo started without backing pump — shut down turbo immediately
Cooling Water
Daily (if water-cooled)
Check cooling water flow rate and temperature at inlet/outlet. Verify no leaks at hose connections.
PASS: Flow nominal, ΔT <15 °C, no leaks WARN: Reduced flow or ΔT rising FAIL: No flow or visible leak — shut down cooled components, investigate